pathoff← 대학·대학원 전체 나라

대학·대학원

파나마

A degree that costs four thousand a year, in a country nobody studies in.

5/5
재료 확인
이 페이지가 묻는 재료 전부에 수치와 출처가 있습니다.
학비
연 ~$4.3k
No separate international rate is published — Panamanian private universities charge everyone the same. Florida State University’s Panama campus awards Florida State degrees, which under the Pathoff method, section 9-1 are American rather than Panamanian.
생활비
월 ~$900
Single student, all in. Compared at country level, so capital cities and large metros run higher. The price level behind it prices the basket residents buy, and a foreign renter cannot reach the cheap end of local housing — poorer countries may still sit too low here.
교육
Works here, unknown elsewhere
No university here enters the CWTS Leiden Open Edition 2025 sample, which only ranks institutions above a publication threshold. That is a statement about research volume, not about teaching, and it does not enter the band.
졸업 후 취업
The constitution reserves the good jobs
치안
Mid
Eighty-first globally and fifth in Central America and the Caribbean

세부 자료는 아직 영어입니다. 어느 언어로 보셔도 같은 수치입니다.

더 많은 정보를 확인하고 있습니다.

이 수치들의 출처

재료 하나에 한 줄입니다. 아무거나 열어보면 출처와, 얼마나 믿는지와, 마지막으로 확인한 때가 나옵니다.

학비연 ~$4.3k

Universidad Latina de Panamá publishes a full cost sheet per programme: its 2025 psychology degree is listed at a total of B/.17,018.18 for the whole four-year course, or B/.9,360.00 under the 45% discount the university itself advertises, payable at B/.195 a month over 48 months. The balboa is at par with the US dollar. This figure is the list total spread over four years, before the discount, as the Pathoff method, section 12-4 requires. Re-read attempted and not finished: the University of Panama states that its matriculation exoneration applies to foreigners as it does to nationals, and its planning department publishes a cost-per-career document whose fee tables did not extract.

No separate international rate is published — Panamanian private universities charge everyone the same. Florida State University’s Panama campus awards Florida State degrees, which under the Pathoff method, section 9-1 are American rather than Panamanian.

신뢰도
출처에 그대로 적혀 있음
생활비월 ~$900

Pathoff judgement directed by evidence, not computed from it: the country’s position comes from the World Bank household consumption price level for 2024 (0.511 of the United States, CC BY 4.0 — the ICP benchmark carried forward annually by the World Bank’s own method); the US reference budget is ours. See the Pathoff method, section 12.

Single student, all in. Compared at country level, so capital cities and large metros run higher. The price level behind it prices the basket residents buy, and a foreign renter cannot reach the cheap end of local housing — poorer countries may still sit too low here.

신뢰도
출처를 보고 저희가 만든 수치
교육Works here, unknown elsewhere

Pathoff education rubric (the Pathoff method, section 9-1), degree band "Locally solid, externally unknown": Panamanian degrees work in the Panamanian and regional labour market. Mid-band: no institution here is a name abroad, and a constitutional reservation of many regulated professions to Panamanian nationals limits what the qualification does even in the country that issued it.

No university here enters the CWTS Leiden Open Edition 2025 sample, which only ranks institutions above a publication threshold. That is a statement about research volume, not about teaching, and it does not enter the band.

신뢰도
출처를 보고 저희가 만든 수치
졸업 후 취업The constitution reserves the good jobs

Pathoff outcome rubric (the Pathoff method, section 10-2), degree outcome band "A route you cannot plan around": Graduation confers no period to stay, work permits are employer-sponsored and capped as a share of a firm’s payroll, and a list of regulated professions — medicine, law, engineering among them — is reserved to Panamanian nationals by law. Above the floor because the restrictions are published and predictable rather than arbitrary.

신뢰도
출처를 보고 저희가 만든 수치
규정
저희가 아는 변경 없음
마지막 확인
2026-09
치안Mid

Global Peace Index 2026: rank 81 of 163, score 1.976. Converted by the Pathoff GPI formula (GPI in lib/scoring.ts)

Eighty-first globally and fifth in Central America and the Caribbean

신뢰도
출처를 보고 저희가 만든 수치

여기는 어떤 곳인가

Panama’s private universities publish the full cost of a degree in dollars and it comes to a few thousand a year, in a city with direct flights to most of the Americas. Two honest limits. The degree is not known outside the region, and Panama constitutionally reserves a long list of professions for its own nationals, so the qualification and the right to practise are separate questions here.

절차는 이렇습니다

1

Check whether your profession is reserved

A Panamanian degree in a reserved profession still does not let a foreigner practise.

소요 기간 미확인
2

Apply directly; teaching is in Spanish

The private universities publish their full programme cost.

⏱ 2–4 months
3

Student residence permit

Filed by the institution or by counsel and renewed annually.

⏱ 2–5 months

유학생이 가는 곳

Panama City
Every university and all the graduate employers
David
The second city, near the highlands, and much cheaper

위의 재료를 열어보면 그 수치가 어디서 왔는지, 얼마나 믿는지, 마지막으로 언제 확인했는지가 나옵니다. 어느 것도 공식 출처를 대신하지 않습니다. 마지막 검토 2026-09-04.

사진: 파나마 · Dr. Thomas Liptak, 라이선스 CC BY-SA 4.0, 출처 Wikimedia Commons.